!function(t){function e(r){if(n[r])return n[r].exports;var o=n[r]={i:r,l:!1,exports:{}};return t[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,e),o.l=!0,o.exports}var n={};e.m=t,e.c=n,e.d=function(t,n,r){e.o(t,n)||Object.defineProperty(t,n,{configurable:!1,enumerable:!0,get:r})},e.n=function(t){var n=t&&t.__esModule?function(){return t["default"]}:function(){return t};return e.d(n,"a",n),n},e.o=function(t,e){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,e)},e.p="",e(e.s="./shared/qevents/main.js")}({"./shared/polyfills/array.js":function(t,e){Array.prototype.every||(Array.prototype.every=function(t,e){"use strict";var n,r;if(null===this)throw new TypeError("this is null or not defined");var o=Object(this),i=o.length>>>0;if("function"!=typeof t)throw new TypeError;for(arguments.length>1&&(n=e),r=0;r<i;){var s;if(r in o){s=o[r];if(!t.call(n,s,r,o))return!1}r++}return!0}),Array.prototype.some||(Array.prototype.some=function(t){"use strict";if(null===this)throw new TypeError("Array.prototype.some called on null or undefined");if("function"!=typeof t)throw new TypeError;for(var e=Object(this),n=e.length>>>0,r=arguments.length>=2?arguments[1]:void 0,o=0;o<n;o++)if(o in e&&t.call(r,e[o],o,e))return!0;return!1}),Array.prototype.indexOf||(Array.prototype.indexOf=function(t,e){var n;if(null===this)throw new TypeError('"this" is null or not defined');var r=Object(this),o=r.length>>>0;if(0===o)return-1;var i=+e||0;if(Math.abs(i)===Infinity&&(i=0),i>=o)return-1;for(n=Math.max(i>=0?i:o-Math.abs(i),0);n<o;){if(n in r&&r[n]===t)return n;n++}return-1}),Array.prototype.forEach||(Array.prototype.forEach=function(t,e){var n,r;if(null===this)throw new TypeError(" this is null or not defined");var o=Object(this),i=o.length>>>0;if("function"!=typeof t)throw new TypeError(t+" is not a function");for(arguments.length>1&&(n=e),r=0;r<i;){var s;r in o&&(s=o[r],t.call(n,s,r,o)),r++}}),Array.prototype.map||(Array.prototype.map=function(t,e){var n,r,o;if(null===this)throw new TypeError(" this is null or not defined");var i=Object(this),s=i.length>>>0;if("function"!=typeof t)throw new TypeError(t+" is not a function");for(arguments.length>1&&(n=e),r=new Array(s),o=0;o<s;){var a,u;o in i&&(a=i[o],u=t.call(n,a,o,i),r[o]=u),o++}return r}),Array.prototype.filter||(Array.prototype.filter=function(t){"use strict";if(void 0===this||null===this)throw new TypeError;var e=Object(this),n=e.length>>>0;if("function"!=typeof t)throw new TypeError;for(var r=[],o=arguments.length>=2?arguments[1]:void 0,i=0;i<n;i++)if(i in e){var s=e[i];t.call(o,s,i,e)&&r.push(s)}return r}),Array.prototype.reduce||(Array.prototype.reduce=function(t){"use strict";if(null===this)throw new TypeError("Array.prototype.reduce called on null or undefined");if("function"!=typeof t)throw new TypeError(t+" is not a function");var e,n=Object(this),r=n.length>>>0,o=0;if(2==arguments.length)e=arguments[1];else{for(;o<r&&!(o in n);)o++;if(o>=r)throw new TypeError("Reduce of empty array with no initial value");e=n[o++]}for(;o<r;o++)o in n&&(e=t(e,n[o],o,n));return e}),Array.prototype.lastIndexOf||(Array.prototype.lastIndexOf=function(t){"use strict";if(void 0===this||null===this)throw new TypeError;var e,n,r=Object(this),o=r.length>>>0;if(0===o)return-1;for(e=o-1,arguments.length>1&&(e=Number(arguments[1]),e!=e?e=0:0!==e&&e!=1/0&&e!=-1/0&&(e=(e>0||-1)*Math.floor(Math.abs(e)))),n=e>=0?Math.min(e,o-1):o-Math.abs(e);n>=0;n--)if(n in r&&r[n]===t)return n;return-1}),Array.prototype.includes||(Array.prototype.includes=function(t){"use strict";if(null==this)throw new TypeError("Array.prototype.includes called on null or undefined");var e=Object(this),n=parseInt(e.length,10)||0;if(0===n)return!1;var r,o=parseInt(arguments[1],10)||0;o>=0?r=o:(r=n+o)<0&&(r=0);for(var i;r<n;){if(i=e[r],t===i||t!==t&&i!==i)return!0;r++}return!1})},"./shared/polyfills/classList.js":function(t,e){!function(){function t(t){this.el=t;for(var e=t.className.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"").split(/\s+/),r=0;r<e.length;r++)n.call(this,e[r])}if(!("undefined"==typeof window.Element||"classList"in document.documentElement)){var e=Array.prototype,n=e.push,r=e.splice,o=e.join;t.prototype={add:function(t){this.contains(t)||(n.call(this,t),this.el.className=this.toString())},contains:function(t){return-1!=this.el.className.indexOf(t)},item:function(t){return this[t]||null},remove:function(t){if(this.contains(t)){for(var e=0;e<this.length&&this[e]!=t;e++);r.call(this,e,1),this.el.className=this.toString()}},toString:function(){return o.call(this," ")},toggle:function(t){return this.contains(t)?this.remove(t):this.add(t),this.contains(t)}},window.DOMTokenList=t,function(t,e,n){Object.defineProperty?Object.defineProperty(t,e,{get:n}):t.__defineGetter__(e,n)}(Element.prototype,"classList",function(){return new t(this)})}}()},"./shared/polyfills/date.js":function(t,e){Date.now||(Date.now=function(){return(new Date).getTime()})},"./shared/polyfills/function.js":function(t,e){Function.prototype.bind||(Function.prototype.bind=function(t){if("function"!=typeof this)throw new TypeError("Function.prototype.bind - what is trying to be bound is not callable");var e=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,1),n=this,r=function(){},o=function(){return n.apply(this instanceof r?this:t,e.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)))};return this.prototype&&(r.prototype=this.prototype),o.prototype=new r,o})},"./shared/polyfills/intersection-observer.js":function(t,e){!function(t,e){"use strict";function n(t){this.time=t.time,this.target=t.target,this.rootBounds=t.rootBounds,this.boundingClientRect=t.boundingClientRect,this.intersectionRect=t.intersectionRect||h(),this.isIntersecting=!!t.intersectionRect;var e=this.boundingClientRect,n=e.width*e.height,r=this.intersectionRect,o=r.width*r.height;this.intersectionRatio=n?o/n:0}function r(t,e){var n=e||{};if("function"!=typeof t)throw new Error("callback must be a function");if(n.root&&1!=n.root.nodeType)throw new Error("root must be an Element");this._checkForIntersections=i(this._checkForIntersections.bind(this),this.THROTTLE_TIMEOUT),this._callback=t,this._observationTargets=[],this._queuedEntries=[],this._rootMarginValues=this._parseRootMargin(n.rootMargin),this.thresholds=this._initThresholds(n.threshold),this.root=n.root||null,this.rootMargin=this._rootMarginValues.map(function(t){return t.value+t.unit}).join(" ")}function o(){return t.performance&&performance.now&&performance.now()}function i(t,e){var n=null;return function(){n||(n=setTimeout(function(){t(),n=null},e))}}function s(t,e,n,r){"function"==typeof t.addEventListener?t.addEventListener(e,n,r||!1):"function"==typeof t.attachEvent&&t.attachEvent("on"+e,n)}function a(t,e,n,r){"function"==typeof t.removeEventListener?t.removeEventListener(e,n,r||!1):"function"==typeof t.detatchEvent&&t.detatchEvent("on"+e,n)}function u(t,e){var n=Math.max(t.top,e.top),r=Math.min(t.bottom,e.bottom),o=Math.max(t.left,e.left),i=Math.min(t.right,e.right),s=i-o,a=r-n;return s>=0&&a>=0&&{top:n,bottom:r,left:o,right:i,width:s,height:a}}function c(t){var e=t.getBoundingClientRect();if(e)return e.width&&e.height||(e={top:e.top,right:e.right,bottom:e.bottom,left:e.left,width:e.right-e.left,height:e.bottom-e.top}),e}function h(){return{top:0,bottom:0,left:0,right:0,width:0,height:0}}if(!("IntersectionObserver"in t&&"IntersectionObserverEntry"in t&&"intersectionRatio"in t.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype)){var l=e.documentElement,p=[];r.prototype.THROTTLE_TIMEOUT=100,r.prototype.POLL_INTERVAL=null,r.prototype.observe=function(t){if(!this._observationTargets.some(function(e){return e.element==t})){if(!t||1!=t.nodeType)throw new Error("target must be an Element");this._registerInstance(),this._observationTargets.push({element:t,entry:null}),this._monitorIntersections()}},r.prototype.unobserve=function(t){this._observationTargets=this._observationTargets.filter(function(e){return e.element!=t}),this._observationTargets.length||(this._unmonitorIntersections(),this._unregisterInstance())},r.prototype.disconnect=function(){this._observationTargets=[],this._unmonitorIntersections(),this._unregisterInstance()},r.prototype.takeRecords=function(){var t=this._queuedEntries.slice();return this._queuedEntries=[],t},r.prototype._initThresholds=function(t){var e=t||[0];return Array.isArray(e)||(e=[e]),e.sort().filter(function(t,e,n){if("number"!=typeof t||isNaN(t)||t<0||t>1)throw new Error("threshold must be a number between 0 and 1 inclusively");return t!==n[e-1]})},r.prototype._parseRootMargin=function(t){var e=t||"0px",n=e.split(/\s+/).map(function(t){var e=/^(-?\d*\.?\d+)(px|%)$/.exec(t);if(!e)throw new Error("rootMargin must be specified in pixels or percent");return{value:parseFloat(e[1]),unit:e[2]}});return n[1]=n[1]||n[0],n[2]=n[2]||n[0],n[3]=n[3]||n[1],n},r.prototype._monitorIntersections=function(){this._monitoringIntersections||(this._monitoringIntersections=!0,this._checkForIntersections(),this.POLL_INTERVAL?this._monitoringInterval=setInterval(this._checkForIntersections,this.POLL_INTERVAL):(s(t,"resize",this._checkForIntersections,!0),s(e,"scroll",this._checkForIntersections,!0),"MutationObserver"in t&&(this._domObserver=new MutationObserver(this._checkForIntersections),this._domObserver.observe(e,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0}))))},r.prototype._unmonitorIntersections=function(){this._monitoringIntersections&&(this._monitoringIntersections=!1,clearInterval(this._monitoringInterval),this._monitoringInterval=null,a(t,"resize",this._checkForIntersections,!0),a(e,"scroll",this._checkForIntersections,!0),this._domObserver&&(this._domObserver.disconnect(),this._domObserver=null))},r.prototype._checkForIntersections=function(){var t=this._rootIsInDom(),e=t?this._getRootRect():h();this._observationTargets.forEach(function(r){var i=r.element,s=c(i),a=this._rootContainsTarget(i),u=r.entry,h=t&&a&&this._computeTargetAndRootIntersection(i,e),l=r.entry=new n({time:o(),target:i,boundingClientRect:s,rootBounds:e,intersectionRect:h});t&&a?this._hasCrossedThreshold(u,l)&&this._queuedEntries.push(l):u&&u.isIntersecting&&this._queuedEntries.push(l)},this),this._queuedEntries.length&&this._callback(this.takeRecords(),this)},r.prototype._computeTargetAndRootIntersection=function(e,n){if("none"!=t.getComputedStyle(e).display){return u(n,c(e))}},r.prototype._getRootRect=function(){var t;if(this.root)t=c(this.root);else{var n=e.documentElement,r=e.body;t={top:0,left:0,right:n.clientWidth||r.clientWidth,width:n.clientWidth||r.clientWidth,bottom:n.clientHeight||r.clientHeight,height:n.clientHeight||r.clientHeight}}return this._expandRectByRootMargin(t)},r.prototype._expandRectByRootMargin=function(t){var e=this._rootMarginValues.map(function(e,n){return"px"==e.unit?e.value:e.value*(n%2?t.width:t.height)/100}),n={top:t.top-e[0],right:t.right+e[1],bottom:t.bottom+e[2],left:t.left-e[3]};return n.width=n.right-n.left,n.height=n.bottom-n.top,n},r.prototype._hasCrossedThreshold=function(t,e){var n=t&&t.isIntersecting?t.intersectionRatio||0:-1,r=e.isIntersecting?e.intersectionRatio||0:-1;if(n!==r)for(var o=0;o<this.thresholds.length;o++){var i=this.thresholds[o];if(i==n||i==r||i<n!=i<r)return!0}},r.prototype._rootIsInDom=function(){return!this.root||l.contains(this.root)},r.prototype._rootContainsTarget=function(t){return(this.root||l).contains(t)},r.prototype._registerInstance=function(){p.indexOf(this)<0&&p.push(this)},r.prototype._unregisterInstance=function(){var t=p.indexOf(this);-1!=t&&p.splice(t,1)},t.IntersectionObserver=r,t.IntersectionObserverEntry=n}}(window,document)},"./shared/polyfills/object.js":function(t,e){Object.keys||(Object.keys=function(){"use strict";var t=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,e=!{toString:null}.propertyIsEnumerable("toString"),n=["toString","toLocaleString","valueOf","hasOwnProperty","isPrototypeOf","propertyIsEnumerable","constructor"],r=n.length;return function(o){if("object"!=typeof o&&("function"!=typeof o||null===o))throw new TypeError("Object.keys called on non-object");var i,s,a=[];for(i in o)t.call(o,i)&&a.push(i);if(e)for(s=0;s<r;s++)t.call(o,n[s])&&a.push(n[s]);return a}}())},"./shared/polyfills/requestAnimationFrame.js":function(t,e){!function(){for(var t=0,e=["webkit","moz"],n=0;n<e.length&&!window.requestAnimationFrame;++n)window.requestAnimationFrame=window[e[n]+"RequestAnimationFrame"],window.cancelAnimationFrame=window[e[n]+"CancelAnimationFrame"]||window[e[n]+"CancelRequestAnimationFrame"];window.requestAnimationFrame||(window.requestAnimationFrame=function(e,n){var r=(new Date).getTime(),o=Math.max(0,16-(r-t)),i=window.setTimeout(function(){e(r+o)},o);return t=r+o,i}),window.cancelAnimationFrame||(window.cancelAnimationFrame=function(t){clearTimeout(t)})}()},"./shared/polyfills/string.js":function(t,e){String.prototype.endsWith||(String.prototype.endsWith=function(t,e){var n=this.toString();("number"!=typeof e||!isFinite(e)||Math.floor(e)!==e||e>n.length)&&(e=n.length),e-=t.length;var r=n.indexOf(t,e);return-1!==r&&r===e}),String.prototype.startsWith||(String.prototype.startsWith=function(t,e){return e=e||0,this.substr(e,t.length)===t}),String.prototype.trim||(String.prototype.trim=function(){return this.replace(/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g,"")}),String.prototype.includes||(String.prototype.includes=function(t,e){"use strict";return"number"!=typeof e&&(e=0),!(e+t.length>this.length)&&-1!==this.indexOf(t,e)})},"./shared/qevents/main.js":function(t,e,n){n("./shared/polyfills/requestAnimationFrame.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/string.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/classList.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/array.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/function.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/object.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/date.js"),n("./shared/polyfills/intersection-observer.js"),n("./shared/qevents/pixel.js").init(),n("./shared/qevents/queue.js").flush()},"./shared/qevents/pixel.js":function(t,e){function n(){try{var t=o("ia_share_url");if(null!==t)return t}catch(t){}try{return ia_document!==undefined&&ia_document.shareURL}catch(t){return}}function r(t){var e,n=[];for(var r in t)e=t[r],i(r)&&s(e)&&n.push(r+"="+encodeURIComponent(e));return n.join("&")}function o(t){var e=null,n=[];return window.location.search.substr(1).split("&").forEach(function(r){n=r.split("="),n[0]===t&&(e=decodeURIComponent(n[1]))}),e}function i(t){return"string"==typeof t}function s(t){return"string"==typeof t||!isNaN(Number(t))}function a(){function t(t,e){var n=window.history[t];window.history[t]=function(){var t=n.apply(this,arguments);return e.apply(this,arguments),t}}!0!==window.qp.disablePushState&&window.history.pushState&&window.history.replaceState&&(t("pushState",u),t("replaceState",u),window.addEventListener("popstate",u,!1))}function u(){window.location.href!==c&&e.quoraPixelHelper("track","ViewContent")}var c="";e.darkmodeRatio=0,e.quoraPixelHelper=function(t,o,i){var s,a={};if("string"!=typeof arguments[0])throw new Error("Quora Pixel Error: The first argument passed to qp is invalid.");if("string"!=typeof arguments[1])throw new Error("Quora Pixel Error: The second argument passed to qp is invalid.");if("init"==t){if(window.qp.uuid)throw new Error("Quora Pixel Error: Pixel with ID "+window.qp.uuid+" is already installed.");window.qp.uuid=o}else if("track"==t){if(!window.qp.uuid)throw new Error("Quora Pixel Error: Base pixel code is not installed properly.");if(s=n(),s?a.fbia="1":s=window.location.href,a.j=1,a.u=s,a.tag=o,a.ts=(new Date).getTime(),c=s,i!==undefined&&null!==i&&i.value!==undefined){var u=i.value;if("number"!=typeof u&&"string"!=typeof u)throw new Error("Quora Pixel Error: The third argument passed to qp is invalid.");a.v=u}e.firePixel("https://q.quora.com/_/ad/"+window.qp.uuid+"/pixel?"+r(a)),e.shouldDarkmode()&&e.firePixel("https://q2.quora.com/_/ad/"+window.qp.uuid+"/pixel?"+r(a))}},e.firePixel=function(t){(new Image).src=t},e.shouldDarkmode=function(){return e.darkmodeRatio&&Math.random()<e.darkmodeRatio},e.init=function(){if(!window.qp)throw new Error("Quora Pixel Error: Base pixel code is not installed properly.");window.qp.qp=e.quoraPixelHelper,a()}},"./shared/qevents/queue.js":function(t,e){e.flush=function(){var t,e=window.qp;for(e.queue||(e.queue=[]);e.queue.length;)t=e.queue.shift(),e.apply(e,t)}}});